• More on APIs - (WARNING: Geeky content within) Published 2006-10-12 under

    Last month I posted on the importance of APIs.  Today I stumbled on a good source for finding web APIs: ProgrammableWeb.  The site lists almost 300 APIs - everything from the familiar (Google and Amazon) to the obscure (Food Candy - yes it is close to lunch time!). 

    For the geeks out there, this service provides some pages with information on the type of service(s) provided by each site with links to documentation.  It also includes sites that are using these APIs to add value - "mashups".  For example, My California Traffic uses the GoogleMaps API to show "the current traffic conditions for all major freeways in California".  There are tons of sites to explore.  Be careful, time can pass you by.

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  • Agendas in New Media and Implications for Education Published 2006-10-10

    Journalists Mark Halperin and John Harris in an interview the other day on NPR's Fresh Air spoke of the  important (and even critical) role new media played in President Bush's campaigns.  This discussion highlighted an important distinction - that between having a bias and having an agenda.  Halperin (political editor from ABC news) and Harris (national political editor at the Washington Post) represent "old" media and admit that despite efforts to the contrary, political bias can creep into reporting.  Their contention is that traditional journalism includes checks to aid in assuring that facts are correct and stories are balanced.  This does not mean that certain publications don't lean in a particular political direction nor does it mean that there are the Stephen Glasses of the world.  But it does mean that for the most part, journalist try to present their stories free of bias.

    New media as defined by websites, blogs, podcasts, and even virtual reality / games [wikipedia] is not as structured as traditional media and as many suggest produces a biased product.  In fact, new media is not so much characterized by bias as by having an agenda.  I choose this word to connote a clear motive behind the content produced.  The content authors choose their subjects to promote their ideals or interests. As a point of fact, this blog represent my agenda and you will rarely read about "back to fundamentals" in a positive light.  This is not to imply that new media is a work in fiction.  The content produced by new media may be factually accurate, but may not represent the whole story.

    The transparency of some new media "publications" to promote their agenda offers we educators the opportunity to teach our students how to digest information critically.  Dave Warlick has been discussing this for some time as new literacy and Alan November's presentation "Teaching Zach to Think" provides some extreme examples of why we need to teach our students to question the bias, the agenda, the context of the content that they read, see, hear.

    Many point to the proliferation of agenda promoting content on the Web as a reason why we must either prohibit our students from using the Internet for research or should at least restrict them to a pre-selected set of resources.  I argue the contrary - the Web offers us a great opportunity to develop independent thinkers, students who can review information and comment on its worth in a critical manner.

    In no subject should students be exempt from being required to question - question the bias of the authors of their textbook, question the agenda behind the websites from which they get information, and question the topics discussed in class.  I am not promoting a culture of anarchists, believers in nothing.  Instead I am advocating a classroom where teachers celebrate bias as a tool for understanding motives and discussing truth.

    Take the example Alan November uses in his presentations, that of martinglutherking.org. This site - in case you have not heard - appears to be devoted to Martin Luther King and would appear to be a good source for anyone wanting to learn about the civil rights activist.  Instead, it is sponsored by a white surpremisist group.  The site offers the educator a great resource for students.  Imagine the assignment: Review the site, martinlutherking.org, discussing historical accuracy and pointing out examples of bias and agenda promotion and support your assertions with authorative sources.

    The Web has given us effortless access to a wide range of information, much of which contains bias and written to promote an agenda.  Instead of sheltering our students from this content, we need to embrace it as a tool for developing independent, critical thinkers.

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  • Classroom of Distinction Interactive Forum Published 2006-09-27 under

    I have just finished attending a wonderful day in San Diego with a group of educators sitting in mock classes "completely integrated technology environments".  This free event was put on by the Center for Digitial Education and was a chance for various sponsors to showcase their technology solutions in a real classroom setting.  Was this going to be like one big sales pitch - all day long?  To my delight - no.

    The day started with an informal breakfast where we had the opportunity to meet with our fellow attendees.  I especially enjoyed speaking with two Judys (or is it Judies) from the Stephen S. Wise Temple and Schools in Los Angeles.  In addition to being very friendly, they pick up for me a cool three way highlighter (tchotchke) where one of the colors was white.  White?  What is that for?  After some experimenting, we discovered it is a highlighter eraser.  It will erase the highlight, not the original print.  HOW COOL IS THAT.  Thanks Trillion for supplying these. (They deserve a plug after providing such a neat freebe; plus they were really nice).

    While I didn't realize it before or even after the welcome session started, the theme of the day was encouraging 1:1 computing with each session giving us students the opportunity to experience a class where we each had a computer and could engage in a rich classroom experience.  Intel was one of the sponsors of the event and it was encouraging to see how interested they were in getting teachers to understand the new mindset and strategy around providing students with this technology.  I had lunch with Nick Young from Intel who impressed me with his vision of 1:1 computing and its role in improving our learning environments.  The most important thing he mentioned was the importance of a solid strategy - an understanding of not only how to implement a 1:1 program but why.  What are you trying to accomplish?

    Session #1 was Literacy where adverbs were the lesson of the day.  Smart Technologies and Toshiba were the sponsors and the lesson went well, but was too rushed - they tried to do too much in the little time allowed.  I especially liked how the technology allowed us to manually group (drag/drop) the various adverbs into categories and then share our groupings with others in the class. 

    Session #2 was Professional Development and the sponsor was FutureKids.  I have no idea what we were covering as the presenter jump right in with "click here and then here" type of instructions without providing a framework nor motivation for what we were to be doing.  I really dislike technology workshops where the core of the instruction is just "click here" steps. 

    Session #3 was Math and was by far the most exciting.  While my preference for this session may have been to do with my background as a math teacher, I really think it was the DyKnow software.  The session was about Base 10 vs Base 2 number systems and was designed so that we constructed our own definitions of the terms. The teacher wandered around the class with her Gateway tablet PC highlighting and annotating her presentation which was displayed at the front of the class and on our laptops (the synch feature was really cool).  We could take notes on our tablets right next to those that the teacher provided and everything is saved.  This is Notetaking 2.0;  give the students a template or basic set of notes and let them annotate or personalize them.  Students are no longer copy machines but are able to be more engaged and only need to add their thoughts to the notes. This is collaborative note taking where student's can share their notes and learn from other students' work.  In one activity, we solved a problem (with multiple steps) and the teacher was able to display not only selected students' answers on the screen, but could also animate the student's work so we could see how he/she got the answer.

    After a fantastic lunch (kudos to the Town and Country Hotel), we had Session #4 - Science.  This class was the least innovative for me but did provide a quality experience.  Lab stations were setup complete with a laptop, instructional software from Pitsco and lab supplies.  In our teams, we listened to a lab module on fingerprinting which began with the history of fingerprinting, followed by some very interesting information about fingerprints (and how they are used to uniquely identify people).  Then the module when on and explained what we were going to be doing in the lab and provided step by step instructions complete with video or animated examples showing use how to perform the process.  While setting up lab stations in this fashion may not be new, I was impressed with the quality of the lesson.  My lab partner and I agreed, it was the only lesson where we learned something new.

    The final class session was titled Strategy Planning, but it was more of a presentation.  We all convened back together and listen to Dr. Themy Sparangis, Chief Technology Officer from Los Angeles Unified School District.  If you have read any of the posts by those on my resources list, you would be very familiar with Themy's presentation.  However, I was impressed with his presentation style, sense of humor, and passion.  Furthermore, it was a light and motivating session, perfect for the end of the day.

    In the discussion that followed, one attendee recognized that there is a wide gap among the teachers in their comfort with technology.  As another attendee pointed out, the bigger issue is not the technology but the content / curriculum.  It may be difficult to get some teachers to embrace technology to enhance their existing curriculum.  It is even harder to get teachers to explore technology and content that are central to a new learning model with new learning goals.

    Another educator identified a significant hurtle to educational change in the form of textbook publishers.  His point was that if we let the textbook publishers control the content, change will be slow if at all as they are entrenched in their cash cow of paper based publishing.  We need to take control and dictate what we want in the form of content.  Especially, we need content that is consistent with the learning goals and technology that we want to utilize.

    This was a fascinating concluding discussion - a great way to end the day...  But wait.  It was not the end.  The organizers could have thanked everyone and had their raffle, but instead we had a video conference that was at best anticlimactic. I am not sure why they chose to end such a wonderful day with such a boring presentation.  The distant presenter was not engaging and her failures were exasperated by the technology.  I have no idea what her goals were but they were not light.  The folks around me stirred uncomfortably as the presenter rambled on.  Finally, she was told that time was up which elicited a big applause from the audience. 

    All in all, this was wonderful experience.  It was a great opportunity for sponsors to showcase their technology in a real learning environment.  Intel reveal a real understanding of 1:1 computing and for education in general.  And the Center for Digital Education deserve kudos for their coordination of this event.  I shared the sentiment of a couple of my fellow attendees: I feared that I was going to be bombarded with a sense that all of these vendors are trying to sell me something; instead I left with a feeling of excitement and that I actually learned something.

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  • Geeky APIs: Why They're Important With Examples Published 2006-09-19 under

    Another "Future of Web Apps" post...

    In my last post, I borrowed a phrase from Tom Coates' to describe the future of the Web: "an aggregate of connected data sources and services".  This begs the question how? - how do all of these individual websites communicate and share information.  The answer is the geeky term API (application programming interface).  Sounds complicated, but many of you are already familiar with one very popular way sites share content, RSS.  Bloglines is an example of a site that is an aggregate of data sources using RSS as the mechanism for capturing the data from other sites.

    Another way to expose data on the web is something called microformats - "fastest and simplest way to provide an API to your website".  Tantek Çelik from Technorati discussed microformats at the conference and you can view his presentation here.  In essence, microformats are a markups that you add to your standard HTML so that applications can access the data on your site.  There are several microformats in use today with more in development.  The more common (current) uses include identifying calendar events and contact information.  By adding some additional markup code to your site, you can allow users to import events into their Outlook, iCal, or other calendaring application.  Just think if every school and organization exposed their calendar events using microformats and RSS.  A parent with students a several different schools each doing multiple different activities would be able to create a master calendar with all of her children's events, updated automatically.  The idea of a printed calendar of events is passé.

    For more information on the specifics of microformats, you should take a look at  Tantek's presentation or for even more detail, look at the hCalendar and hCard specifications from Microformats.org.

    The question that comes to my mind is what does the learning API look like?  How can students, teachers, schools, districts, etc. expose learning data so that we all can benefit from an aggregate of connected learning sources - "the sum of the whole is greater than the individual parts"?  Are there microformats that can be used or established that will make classroom blogs easier to share? 

    One technique that we are using is tagging our content.  The rel-tag microformat describes an author-designated "tag" for the current page.  Which tags you select becomes important.  What are some other ways we can create the learning API?

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  • Information Silos Published 2006-09-18 under

    Another "Future of Web Apps" post...

    As mentioned in my last post, Tom Coates' presentation offered me lots of fuel for thought.  One concept that really hit home for me was the idea of  "Information Silos". Much of the Web today can be represented as individual storehouses of data.  By navigating to a site, you are seeing data that belongs to that site.

    But the future promises a more aggregated web where a site will offer more than just the data stored on their servers, but include "an aggregate of connected data sources and services".  There are many sites that are doing this today.  Google News is not a news site but more a news aggregator providing visitors a chance to see headlines from a wide variety of sources.  BTW - have you seen the Google News Archive Search?  The "timeline" feature is really cool.

    An analogy can be draw to education.  Teachers have often been silos of information - viewed as the experts in the classroom.  Sharing of information between classes is rare.  Two sections of the same class can meet right next to each other, yet little information or knowledge passes between the two.  Teachers and classrooms are isolated silos of information.

    Today, teachers are changing the model; moving away from being the expert to the facilitator, aggregating the information and sharing the knowledge generated in the class with not only the class next door, but the class on the other side of the world.

    It is exciting to be apart of this transformation, and I look forward to those education-centric web apps that will model this view of teaching and provide an aggregation of data and services from a variety of sources.  What do you think these sites will look like?

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